[{"id":"blue-whale","name":"Blue whale","sci":"Balaenoptera musculus","z":0,"r":2,"dmin":80,"dmax":500,"depth":"80–500 m","fact":"In the Antarctic, blue whales can reach about 110 feet long and weigh more than 330,000 pounds.","src":{"label":"NOAA Fisheries: Blue Whale","url":"https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/blue-whale"},"photo":{"credit":"NOAA Fisheries","license":"Public domain","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Blue_Whale_001_noaa_body_color.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"giant-manta-ray","name":"Giant manta ray","sci":"Mobula birostris","z":0,"r":1,"dmin":0,"dmax":1000,"depth":"0–1,000 m","fact":"The giant manta ray is the world's largest ray, with a wingspan up to 26 feet, yet it usually has only one pup every two to three years.","src":{"label":"NOAA Fisheries: Giant Manta Ray","url":"https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/giant-manta-ray"},"photo":{"credit":"Elias Levy","license":"CC BY 2.0","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Giant_oceanic_manta_ray_with_diver.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"giant-pacific-octopus","name":"Giant Pacific octopus","sci":"Enteroctopus dofleini","z":0,"r":1,"dmin":0,"dmax":180,"depth":"0–180 m","fact":"The largest giant Pacific octopus on record, caught in Alaska, weighed over 600 pounds; the average is 30-50 pounds.","src":{"label":"NOAA Fisheries: Kodiak Lab Aquarium","url":"https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/science-blog/view-inside-kodiak-lab-aquarium-post-4"},"photo":{"credit":"NOAA/R. N. Lea","license":"Public domain","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Enteroctopus_dolfeini.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"hawaiian-monk-seal","name":"Hawaiian monk seal","sci":"Neomonachus schauinslandi","z":0,"r":2,"dmin":0,"dmax":549,"depth":"0–549 m (1,800 ft)","fact":"Hawaiian monk seals can hold their breath for up to 20 minutes and dive more than 1,800 feet, though they usually stay under 200 feet.","src":{"label":"NOAA Fisheries: Hawaiian Monk Seal","url":"https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/hawaiian-monk-seal"},"photo":{"credit":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","license":"Public domain","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Monachus_schauinslandi_Hawaiian_Monk_Seal_PD-USFWS.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"hawksbill-turtle","name":"Hawksbill turtle","sci":"Eretmochelys imbricata","z":0,"r":1,"dmin":0,"dmax":60,"depth":"0–60 m (usually reefs)","fact":"Hawksbills are the only sea turtles that can survive on a diet of mostly sponges.","src":{"label":"NOAA Fisheries: Hawksbill Turtle","url":"https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/hawksbill-turtle"},"photo":{"credit":"Toni chua","license":"Public domain","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Eretmochelys_imbricata_(penyu_sisik).jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"humpback-whale","name":"Humpback whale","sci":"Megaptera novaeangliae","z":0,"r":0,"dmin":0,"dmax":616,"depth":"0–616 m","fact":"Some humpback whales migrate 5,000 miles between feeding and breeding grounds, and their tail flukes can be up to 18 feet wide.","src":{"label":"NOAA Fisheries: Humpback Whale","url":"https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/humpback-whale"},"photo":{"credit":"Whit Welles","license":"CC BY 3.0","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Humpback_stellwagen_edit.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"leatherback-turtle","name":"Leatherback turtle","sci":"Dermochelys coriacea","z":0,"r":2,"dmin":0,"dmax":1219,"depth":"0–1,219 m (4,000 ft)","fact":"Leatherbacks, the largest turtles in the world, can swim over 10,000 miles a year between nesting and foraging grounds and dive nearly 4,000 feet.","src":{"label":"NOAA Fisheries: Leatherback Turtle","url":"https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/leatherback-turtle"},"photo":{"credit":"Rabon David, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","license":"Public domain","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Close_up_of_dermochelys_coriacea_leatherback_turtle.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"lions-mane-jellyfish","name":"Lion's mane jellyfish","sci":"Cyanea capillata","z":0,"r":0,"dmin":0,"dmax":20,"depth":"0–20 m","fact":"The lion's mane jellyfish's tentacles can reach over 30 metres in length, longer than a blue whale.","src":{"label":"Natural History Museum: Jellyfish","url":"https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/what-is-a-jellyfish.html"},"photo":{"credit":"W.carter","license":"CC0","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lion%27s_mane_jellyfish_in_Gullmarn_fjord_at_S%C3%A4mstad_3.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"ocean-sunfish","name":"Ocean sunfish","sci":"Mola mola","z":0,"r":1,"dmin":30,"dmax":1515,"depth":"30–1,515 m","fact":"The ocean sunfish is the heaviest bony fish, and one 1.5 m female was found carrying 300 million eggs.","src":{"label":"FishBase: Mola mola","url":"https://www.fishbase.se/summary/mola-mola"},"photo":{"credit":"Per-Ola Norman","license":"Public domain","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sunfish2.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"oceanic-whitetip-shark","name":"Oceanic whitetip shark","sci":"Carcharhinus longimanus","z":0,"r":2,"dmin":0,"dmax":1082,"depth":"0–1,082 m","fact":"Oceanic whitetip sharks usually stay in the top 200 meters, but they have been recorded down to 1,082 meters.","src":{"label":"NOAA Fisheries: Oceanic Whitetip Shark","url":"https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/oceanic-whitetip-shark"},"photo":{"credit":"Daniel Benák","license":"CC BY 4.0","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Carcharhinus_longimanus_334402853.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"pacific-bluefin-tuna","name":"Pacific bluefin tuna","sci":"Thunnus orientalis","z":0,"r":1,"dmin":1,"dmax":550,"depth":"1–550 m","fact":"Pacific bluefin tuna can reach 3 meters and 990 pounds, and they migrate thousands of miles across oceans.","src":{"label":"NOAA Fisheries: Pacific Bluefin Tuna","url":"https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/pacific-bluefin-tuna"},"photo":{"credit":"aes256","license":"CC BY 2.1 jp","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pacific_bluefin_tuna.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"portuguese-man-o-war","name":"Portuguese man o' war","sci":"Physalia physalis","z":0,"r":0,"dmin":0,"dmax":30,"depth":"0–30 m (surface; tentacles to 30 m)","fact":"A Portuguese man o' war is a colony of clones, not one animal; its tentacles average 10 m and can reach 30 m.","src":{"label":"NOAA National Ocean Service: Portuguese man o' war","url":"https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/portuguese-man-o-war.html"},"photo":{"credit":"Islands in the Sea 2002, NOAA/OER","license":"Public domain","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Portuguese_Man-O-War_(Physalia_physalis).jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"sei-whale","name":"Sei whale","sci":"Balaenoptera borealis","z":0,"r":3,"dmin":0,"dmax":20,"depth":"0–20 m (93% of dives)","fact":"Sei whales are fast swimmers that can reach speeds of over 34 miles per hour.","src":{"label":"NOAA Fisheries: Sei Whale","url":"https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/sei-whale"},"photo":{"credit":"Federico Muñoz","license":"CC0","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Balaenoptera_borealis_620729484.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"whale-shark","name":"Whale shark","sci":"Rhincodon typus","z":0,"r":2,"dmin":0,"dmax":1928,"depth":"0–1,928 m","fact":"Whale sharks follow plankton into deeper water by day, often reaching 500 metres; the deepest recorded dive is 1,928 metres.","src":{"label":"Natural History Museum: Whale sharks","url":"https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/whale-sharks-worlds-biggest-shark.html"},"photo":{"credit":"FGBNMS/Eckert","license":"Public domain","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rhincodon_typus_fgbnms.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"barreleye-fish","name":"Barreleye fish","sci":"Macropinna microstoma","z":1,"r":3,"dmin":460,"dmax":800,"depth":"460–800 m","fact":"Barreleye fish can see through their foreheads: huge green-lensed eyes rotate inside a transparent head.","src":{"label":"MBARI: Barreleye fish","url":"https://www.mbari.org/animal/barreleye-fish/"},"photo":{"credit":"Unknown author","license":"Public domain","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Barreleye-fish_GoK.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"beluga-whale","name":"Beluga whale","sci":"Delphinapterus leucas","z":1,"r":1,"dmin":0,"dmax":1000,"depth":"0–1,000 m","fact":"Belugas can dive to 1,000-meter depths and stay under for up to 25 minutes.","src":{"label":"NOAA Fisheries: Beluga Whale","url":"https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/beluga-whale"},"photo":{"credit":"Versions111","license":"CC BY 4.0","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Beluga_Whale_02.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"cock-eyed-squid","name":"Cock-eyed squid","sci":"Histioteuthis","z":1,"r":0,"dmin":200,"dmax":1000,"depth":"200–1,000 m","fact":"A strawberry or cock-eyed squid has one big eye that looks up for shadows and one small eye that looks down for bioluminescent flashes.","src":{"label":"MBARI: Strawberry squid","url":"https://www.mbari.org/animal/strawberry-squid/"},"photo":{"credit":"NOAA","license":"CC0","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:NOAA_Histioteuthis_sp.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"fangtooth","name":"Fangtooth","sci":"Anoplogaster cornuta","z":1,"r":1,"dmin":500,"dmax":2100,"depth":"500–2,100 m","fact":"The fearsome-looking fangtooth is only 18 cm long, and MBARI has spotted one less than once every two years on average.","src":{"label":"MBARI: Fangtooth","url":"https://www.mbari.org/animal/fangtooth/"},"photo":{"credit":"Sandra Raredon/Smithsonian Institution","license":"Public domain","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anoplogaster_cornuta_SI.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"flapjack-octopus","name":"Flapjack octopus","sci":"Opisthoteuthis","z":1,"r":2,"dmin":130,"dmax":2350,"depth":"130–2,350 m","fact":"When startled, a flapjack octopus escapes by flapping its fins, pulsing its webbed arms and jetting water, sometimes all three at once.","src":{"label":"MBARI: Flapjack octopus","url":"https://www.mbari.org/animal/flapjack-octopus/"},"photo":{"credit":"Ed Bowlby, NOAA/Olympic Coast NMS","license":"Public domain","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Opisthoteuthis_californiana.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"giant-oarfish","name":"Giant oarfish","sci":"Regalecus glesne","z":1,"r":3,"dmin":20,"dmax":1000,"depth":"20–1,000 m","fact":"The giant oarfish reaches 7-8 meters and is listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the longest bony fish.","src":{"label":"FishBase: Regalecus glesne","url":"https://www.fishbase.se/summary/regalecus-glesne.html"},"photo":{"credit":"John Barkla","license":"CC BY 4.0","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Regalecus_glesne_1960068.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"glass-squid","name":"Glass squid","sci":"Cranchiidae","z":1,"r":0,"dmin":0,"dmax":2000,"depth":"0–2,000 m","fact":"Glass squids are nearly see-through and fill a large body cavity with ammonium, which is lighter than seawater, to stay buoyant.","src":{"label":"MBARI: Glass squid","url":"https://www.mbari.org/animal/glass-squid/"},"photo":{"credit":"Edie Widder","license":"Public domain","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cranchiid.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"goblin-shark","name":"Goblin shark","sci":"Mitsukurina owstoni","z":1,"r":3,"dmin":30,"dmax":1300,"depth":"30–1,300 m","fact":"A goblin shark's jaws are built to shoot rapidly out of its head to snap up small animals.","src":{"label":"FishBase: Mitsukurina owstoni","url":"https://www.fishbase.se/summary/Mitsukurina-owstoni"},"photo":{"credit":"Michigan State University/USFWS","license":"Public domain","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Goblin_shark_(Mitsukurina_owstoni).jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"northern-elephant-seal","name":"Northern elephant seal","sci":"Mirounga angustirostris","z":1,"r":0,"dmin":305,"dmax":762,"depth":"305–762 m (dives; 1,000–2,500 ft)","fact":"Northern elephant seals spend about 9 months a year at sea, diving 1,000 to 2,500 feet for 20 to 30 minutes with only short surface breaks.","src":{"label":"NOAA Fisheries: Northern Elephant Seal","url":"https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/northern-elephant-seal"},"photo":{"credit":"Mike Baird from Morro Bay, USA","license":"CC BY 2.0","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Northern_Elephant_Seal,_San_Simeon2.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"opah","name":"Opah","sci":"Lampris guttatus","z":1,"r":1,"dmin":46,"dmax":396,"depth":"46–396 m (150–1,300 ft)","fact":"The opah is the first fully warm-blooded fish, circulating heated blood through its whole body much like mammals and birds.","src":{"label":"NOAA Fisheries: Warm Blood Makes Opah an Agile Predator","url":"https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/feature-story/warm-blood-makes-opah-agile-predator"},"photo":{"credit":"Unknown (NOAA Fisheries)","license":"Public domain","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lampris_guttatus_NOAA.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"pacific-viperfish","name":"Pacific viperfish","sci":"Chauliodus macouni","z":1,"r":0,"dmin":200,"dmax":1500,"depth":"200–1,500 m","fact":"The Pacific viperfish is only 30 cm long, but its teeth form a cage around prey and two fangs jut up past its own eyes.","src":{"label":"MBARI: Pacific viperfish","url":"https://www.mbari.org/animal/pacific-viperfish/"},"photo":{"credit":"David Csepp, NMFS/AKFSC/ABL","license":"Public domain","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Head_of_a_pacific_Viperfish_4037.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"sperm-whale","name":"Sperm whale","sci":"Physeter macrocephalus","z":1,"r":1,"dmin":0,"dmax":3200,"depth":"0–3,200 m","fact":"Sperm whales, the largest toothed whales, routinely dive to 2,000 feet and can stay down for 45 minutes.","src":{"label":"NOAA Fisheries: Sperm Whale","url":"https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/sperm-whale"},"photo":{"credit":"Laura (Laney) White (USGS Western Ecological Research Center)","license":"Public domain","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zoomed_image_of_a_Sperm_Whale_(Physeter_macrocephalus).jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"vampire-squid","name":"Vampire squid","sci":"Vampyroteuthis infernalis","z":1,"r":2,"dmin":600,"dmax":900,"depth":"600–900 m","fact":"The vampire squid is neither a vampire nor a squid but the last surviving member of an ancient group, and it feeds on marine snow.","src":{"label":"MBARI: Vampire squid","url":"https://www.mbari.org/animal/vampire-squid/"},"photo":{"credit":"National Marine Sanctuaries","license":"Public domain","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MBNMS_juvenile_vampire_squid_(49041024167).jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"big-red-jelly","name":"Big red jelly","sci":"Tiburonia granrojo","z":2,"r":0,"dmin":600,"dmax":2100,"depth":"600–2,100 m","fact":"In 1998 MBARI spotted the big red jelly: a full meter across, with no tentacles, just finger-like oral arms.","src":{"label":"MBARI: Big red jelly","url":"https://www.mbari.org/animal/big-red-jelly/"},"photo":{"credit":"NOAA/Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute","license":"Public domain","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tiburonia_granrojo-_noaa_expl0827.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"bigfin-squid","name":"Bigfin squid","sci":"Magnapinna","z":2,"r":3,"dmin":1940,"dmax":4735,"depth":"1,940–4,735 m (adult sightings)","fact":"Bigfin squid hold the record for the deepest-dwelling squid: one was seen at 6,212 meters in the Philippine Trench.","src":{"label":"MBARI: Bigfin squid","url":"https://www.mbari.org/animal/bigfin-squid/"},"photo":{"credit":"NOAA Photo Library","license":"CC BY 2.0","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Magnapinna_sp._-_Expl8176.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"cuviers-beaked-whale","name":"Cuvier's beaked whale","sci":"Ziphius cavirostris","z":2,"r":3,"dmin":1006,"dmax":2992,"depth":"1,006–2,992 m (3,300–9,816 ft)","fact":"A Cuvier's beaked whale's deepest known dive was 9,816 feet, nearly 2 miles, and its longest dive lasted 222 minutes.","src":{"label":"NOAA Fisheries: Cuvier's Beaked Whale","url":"https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/cuviers-beaked-whale"},"photo":{"credit":"Laura (Laney) White (USGS Western Ecological Research Center)","license":"Public domain","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cuvier%E2%80%99s_Beaked_Whale_(Ziphius_cavirostris).jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"deep-sea-anglerfish","name":"Deep-sea anglerfish","sci":"Lophiiformes","z":2,"r":2,"dmin":300,"dmax":4000,"depth":"300–4,000 m","fact":"Female deep-sea anglerfish are softball-sized; the dwarf males, just a few cm long, may permanently attach to her body.","src":{"label":"MBARI: Deep-sea anglerfish","url":"https://www.mbari.org/animal/deep-sea-anglerfish/"},"photo":{"credit":"Personnel of NOAA Ship DELAWARE II","license":"Public domain","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Melanocetus_johnsonii_by_NOAA.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"ghost-shark","name":"Ghost shark","sci":"Hydrolagus colliei","z":2,"r":0,"dmin":30,"dmax":3000,"depth":"30–3,000 m","fact":"Ghost sharks are ancient relatives of sharks with flexible cartilage skeletons and a venomous spine on the dorsal fin.","src":{"label":"MBARI: Ghost shark","url":"https://www.mbari.org/animal/ghost-shark/"},"photo":{"credit":"Tara Anderson, NOAA/NMFS/SWFSC/CBNMS","license":"Public domain","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sanc1701_-_Flickr_-_NOAA_Photo_Library.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"giant-phantom-jelly","name":"Giant phantom jelly","sci":"Stygiomedusa gigantea","z":2,"r":4,"dmin":0,"dmax":6700,"depth":"0–6,700 m (usually midwater)","fact":"A giant phantom jelly has mouth arms over 10 m long, yet MBARI's ROVs have seen it only nine times in thousands of dives.","src":{"label":"MBARI: Giant phantom jelly","url":"https://www.mbari.org/animal/giant-phantom-jelly/"},"photo":{"credit":"AI-generated (GPT image)","ai":true},"img":true},{"id":"giant-sea-spider","name":"Giant sea spider","sci":"Colossendeis","z":2,"r":1,"dmin":2200,"dmax":4000,"depth":"2,200–4,000 m","fact":"Giant sea spiders reach 51 cm, bigger than a dinner plate, and slurp prey through a tube-like proboscis.","src":{"label":"MBARI: Giant sea spider","url":"https://www.mbari.org/animal/giant-sea-spider/"},"photo":{"credit":"Julien Savoie (cropped)","license":"CC BY 4.0","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Colossendeis_proboscidea_397442009.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"giant-tubeworm","name":"Giant tubeworm","sci":"Riftia pachyptila","z":2,"r":0,"dmin":1900,"dmax":3600,"depth":"1,900–3,600 m","fact":"Giant tubeworms grow up to 2 m long but don't eat: bacteria in their guts turn sulfur into energy for them.","src":{"label":"MBARI: Giant tubeworm","url":"https://www.mbari.org/animal/giant-tubeworm/"},"photo":{"credit":"Ifremer","license":"CC BY 4.0","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Campagne_HOPE_-_Vers_g%C3%A9ants_(Riftia_pachyptila)_(Ifremer_00805-91668).jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"greenland-shark","name":"Greenland shark","sci":"Somniosus microcephalus","z":2,"r":2,"dmin":0,"dmax":2992,"depth":"0–2,992 m","fact":"Greenland sharks live at least 272 years and do not reach sexual maturity until about age 150.","src":{"label":"FishBase: Somniosus microcephalus","url":"https://www.fishbase.se/summary/Somniosus-microcephalus"},"photo":{"credit":"NOAA Okeanos Explorer Program","license":"Public domain","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Somniosus_microcephalus_okeanos.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"pompeii-worm","name":"Pompeii worm","sci":"Alvinella pompejana","z":2,"r":1,"dmin":1500,"dmax":3500,"depth":"1,500–3,500 m","fact":"Alone, a Pompeii worm tolerates only 55°C, but a bacterial fleece lets it live where tube bases reach 105°C.","src":{"label":"MBARI: Pompeii worm","url":"https://www.mbari.org/animal/pompeii-worm/"},"photo":{"credit":"Olivier Dugornay","license":"CC BY 4.0","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ver_polych%C3%A8te_Alvinella_Pompejana_sur_fond_noir_(Ifremer_00569-68060_-_25239).jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"rattail-fish","name":"Rattail fish","sci":"Macrouridae","z":2,"r":0,"dmin":200,"dmax":4000,"depth":"200–4,000 m","fact":"Fish sold as grenadier are deep-sea rattails, whose big eyes can see even the faintest flickers of bioluminescence.","src":{"label":"MBARI: Rattail fish","url":"https://www.mbari.org/animal/rattail-fish/"},"photo":{"credit":"NOAA/MBARI","license":"Public domain","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Coryphaenoides_armatus_1.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"scaly-foot-snail","name":"Scaly-foot snail","sci":"Chrysomallon squamiferum","z":2,"r":2,"dmin":2415,"dmax":2606,"depth":"2,415–2,606 m (vents)","fact":"The scaly-foot snail armors its scales and shell with iron sulfide, the only known animal to use iron as a major skeleton part.","src":{"label":"Nature Communications: Scaly-foot Snail genome","url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-15522-3"},"photo":{"credit":"Marie HENNION (cropped)","license":"CC BY 4.0","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chrysomallon_squamiferum_(MNHN-IM-2000-30072)_002.jpeg"},"img":true},{"id":"warty-deep-sea-octopus","name":"Warty deep-sea octopus","sci":"Graneledone boreopacifica","z":2,"r":1,"dmin":90,"dmax":3000,"depth":"90–3,000 m","fact":"A deep-sea octopus mother guarded her eggs for four and a half years, the longest brooding of any animal.","src":{"label":"MBARI: Warty deep-sea octopus","url":"https://www.mbari.org/animal/warty-deep-sea-octopus/"},"photo":{"credit":"NOAA/MBARI","license":"Public domain","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Graneledone_boreopacifica.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"woolly-siphonophore","name":"Woolly siphonophore","sci":"Apolemia lanosa","z":2,"r":2,"dmin":600,"dmax":1800,"depth":"600–1,800 m","fact":"The woolly siphonophore, a chain of specialized parts growing together, reaches at least five meters in length.","src":{"label":"MBARI: Woolly siphonophore","url":"https://www.mbari.org/animal/woolly-siphonophore/"},"photo":{"credit":"Munro et al.","license":"CC BY 4.0","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Apolemia_sp.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"acorn-worm","name":"Acorn worm","sci":"Enteropneusta","z":3,"r":0,"dmin":0,"dmax":8100,"depth":"0–8,100 m","fact":"Acorn worms live down to 8,100 m and are more closely related to humans than to worms.","src":{"label":"MBARI: Acorn worm","url":"https://www.mbari.org/animal/acorn-worm/"},"photo":{"credit":"NOAA (cropped)","license":"Public domain","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Torquaratoridae.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"casper-octopus","name":"Casper octopus","sci":"Incirrata (undescribed)","z":3,"r":4,"dmin":2300,"dmax":4290,"depth":"2,300–4,290 m","fact":"The ghostly Casper octopus, found at 4,290 meters, was the deepest incirrate octopod ever found.","src":{"label":"NOAA Ocean Exploration: 10 Years of the Casper Octopus","url":"https://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/news/10-years-of-the-casper-octopus/"},"photo":{"credit":"NOAA Ocean Exploration & Research","license":"Public domain","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2016_Hohonu_Moana,_Exploring_Deepwaters_off_Hawaii_-_Flickr_-_NOAA_Ocean_Exploration_%5E_Research.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"crowned-sea-cucumber","name":"Crowned sea cucumber","sci":"Peniagone","z":3,"r":1,"dmin":220,"dmax":8600,"depth":"220–8,600 m","fact":"Crowned sea cucumbers live as deep as 8,600 m and, though they feed on the seafloor, they also swim above it.","src":{"label":"MBARI: Crowned sea cucumber","url":"https://www.mbari.org/animal/crowned-sea-cucumber/"},"photo":{"credit":"Durden and Smith (Peniagone vitrea; cropped from a ZooKeys figure)","license":"CC BY 4.0","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Peniagone_vitrea_(10.3897-zookeys.1113.82172)_Figure_47_(cropped-A).jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"giant-cusk-eel","name":"Giant cusk-eel","sci":"Spectrunculus grandis","z":3,"r":1,"dmin":2000,"dmax":4300,"depth":"2,000–4,300 m","fact":"Giant cusk-eels, nicknamed swimming noses, sniff out food at 2,000-4,300 m and have been seen feasting on whale blubber.","src":{"label":"MBARI: Giant cusk-eel","url":"https://www.mbari.org/animal/giant-cusk-eel/"},"photo":{"credit":"NOAA/MBARI","license":"Public domain","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Spectrunculus_grandis_1.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"sea-pig","name":"Sea pig","sci":"Scotoplanes","z":3,"r":0,"dmin":1000,"dmax":6000,"depth":"1,000–6,000 m","fact":"Sea pigs are see-through sea cucumbers that walk on stilt-like tube feet, sometimes giving rides to juvenile king crabs.","src":{"label":"MBARI: Sea pig","url":"https://www.mbari.org/animal/sea-pig/"},"photo":{"credit":"NOAA/MBARI","license":"CC0","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Scotoplanes_globosa_and_crab_(cropped).jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"alicella-gigantea","name":"Supergiant amphipod","sci":"Alicella gigantea","z":3,"r":3,"dmin":4850,"dmax":7000,"depth":"4,850–7,000 m","fact":"The supergiant amphipod Alicella gigantea may reach 34 cm in length and is mostly recorded at about 4,850–7,000 m.","src":{"label":"Wikipedia: Alicella gigantea","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alicella_gigantea"},"photo":{"credit":"Alan Jamieson","license":"CC BY-SA 4.0","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Alicella_gigantea_from_6200m.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"tripod-fish","name":"Tripod fish","sci":"Bathypterois grallator","z":3,"r":0,"dmin":878,"dmax":4720,"depth":"878–4,720 m","fact":"The tripod fish perches on the seafloor on specialized fin rays, facing the current, at depths down to 4,720 m.","src":{"label":"FishBase: Bathypterois grallator","url":"https://www.fishbase.se/summary/Bathypterois-grallator"},"photo":{"credit":"North Atlantic Stepping Stones Science Party, IFE, URI-IAO; NOAA/OAR/OER (cropped)","license":"Public domain","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tripod_fish_NOAA.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"abyssobrotula-galatheae","name":"Abyssal cusk-eel","sci":"Abyssobrotula galatheae","z":4,"r":4,"dmin":3110,"dmax":8370,"depth":"3,110–8,370 m","fact":"A cusk-eel specimen trawled from 8,370 m in the Puerto Rico Trench in 1970 holds the record for the deepest fish ever captured.","src":{"label":"Wikipedia: Abyssobrotula galatheae","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abyssobrotula_galatheae"},"photo":{"credit":"California Academy of Sciences (label and scale bar removed)","license":"CC0","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Abyssobrotula_galatheae.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"challenger-deep-foraminifera","name":"Challenger Deep foraminifera","sci":"Foraminifera","z":4,"r":3,"dmin":10896,"dmax":10896,"depth":"10,896 m","fact":"Abundant foraminifera, shelled single-celled protists, live in the Challenger Deep, the deepest place in the world ocean, at 10,896 m.","src":{"label":"Science (2005) abstract: Simple foraminifera flourish at the ocean's deepest point","url":"https://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/115227/"},"photo":{"credit":"AI-generated (GPT image)","ai":true},"img":true},{"id":"dumbo-octopus","name":"Dumbo octopus","sci":"Grimpoteuthis","z":4,"r":1,"dmin":1000,"dmax":7000,"depth":"1,000–7,000 m","fact":"A dumbo octopus was filmed almost 7,000 metres down in the Java Trench in 2020, the deepest confirmed sighting.","src":{"label":"Natural History Museum: Dumbo octopus","url":"https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/what-is-a-dumbo-octopus.html"},"photo":{"credit":"NOAA Okeanos Explorer","license":"Public domain","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dumbo-hires.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"hirondellea-gigas","name":"Hadal amphipod","sci":"Hirondellea gigas","z":4,"r":2,"dmin":8000,"dmax":10897,"depth":"8,000–10,897 m","fact":"Hirondellea gigas amphipods live in trenches at depths greater than 8,000 m; some were collected from 10,897 m in the Challenger Deep.","src":{"label":"PMC: An aluminum shield enables Hirondellea gigas to inhabit deep-sea environments","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6449124/"},"photo":{"credit":"Daiju Azuma","license":"CC BY-SA 2.5","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hirondellea_gigas.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"beard-worms","name":"Hadal beard worms","sci":"Siboglinidae (frenulates)","z":4,"r":3,"dmin":6700,"dmax":9533,"depth":"6,700–9,533 m","fact":"Dense colonies of frenulate beard worms, with tubes 20–30 cm long, live on methane-fed mud at 9,533 m in the Kuril–Kamchatka Trench.","src":{"label":"Nature (2025): Flourishing chemosynthetic life at the greatest depths of hadal trenches","url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12443634/"},"photo":{"credit":"Peng et al. (2025), Nature (cropped)","license":"CC BY 4.0","page":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12443634/"},"img":true},{"id":"halice-amphipod","name":"Hadal Halice amphipod","sci":"Halice sp.","z":4,"r":3,"dmin":10908,"dmax":10908,"depth":"10,908 m","fact":"Amphipods of the genus Halice live at hadal depths; one specimen was collected from 10,908 m in the Mariana Trench in March 2017.","src":{"label":"Scientific Reports (2019): Halice sp. MT-2017 from 10,908 m in the Mariana Trench","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6385184/"},"photo":{"credit":"Li et al. (2019), Scientific Reports (cropped)","license":"CC BY 4.0","page":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6385184/"},"img":true},{"id":"hadal-anemone","name":"Hadal sea anemone","sci":"Galatheanthemum sp.","z":4,"r":3,"dmin":5900,"dmax":10700,"depth":"5,900–10,700 m (genus)","fact":"A hadal sea anemone, Galatheanthemum, was collected from 9,462 m in the Mariana Trench by the crewed submersible Fen Dou Zhe.","src":{"label":"Frontiers in Genetics (2022): Galatheanthemum sp. MT-2020 from 9,462 m","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9213748/"},"photo":{"credit":"Victor Vescovo (cropped)","license":"CC0","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Stalked_Anenome_on_Challenger_Deep_Dive_Dr_Dawn_Wright_and_Pilot_Victor_Vescovo_071222.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"mariana-snailfish","name":"Mariana snailfish","sci":"Pseudoliparis swirei","z":4,"r":4,"dmin":6900,"dmax":8145,"depth":"6,900–8,145 m","fact":"The Mariana snailfish, the deepest-living fish in the world, thrives at depths of up to about 8,000 meters in the Mariana Trench.","src":{"label":"University of Washington: There's a deeper fish in the sea","url":"https://www.washington.edu/news/2017/11/28/theres-a-deeper-fish-in-the-sea/"},"photo":{"credit":"Gerringer et al. (cropped from a figure)","license":"CC BY 3.0","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pseudoliparis_swirei.png"},"img":true},{"id":"moritella-yayanosii","name":"Moritella yayanosii","sci":"Moritella yayanosii","z":4,"r":3,"dmin":10898,"dmax":10898,"depth":"10,898 m","fact":"The bacterium Moritella yayanosii DB21MT-5 was isolated from Challenger Deep sediment at 10,898 m and grows best at 80 MPa of pressure.","src":{"label":"Microbial Genomics (2021): Moritella yayanosii DB21MT-5 and the Challenger Deep","url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8477399/"},"photo":{"credit":"AI-generated (GPT image)","ai":true},"img":true},{"id":"eurythenes-plasticus","name":"Plastic amphipod","sci":"Eurythenes plasticus","z":4,"r":4,"dmin":6010,"dmax":6949,"depth":"6,010–6,949 m","fact":"Eurythenes plasticus, found at 6,010-6,949 m in the Mariana Trench, was named after a microplastic fibre found in one individual's gut.","src":{"label":"Zootaxa: New species of Eurythenes from hadal depths","url":"https://mapress.com/zt/article/view/zootaxa.4748.1.9"},"photo":{"credit":"Weston et al.","license":"CC BY 4.0","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Eurythenes_plasticus_(10.11646-zootaxa.4748.1.9)_Figure_4_(cropped-female).jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"myriotrochus-bruuni","name":"Trench sea cucumber","sci":"Myriotrochus bruuni","z":4,"r":4,"dmin":10150,"dmax":10190,"depth":"10,150–10,190 m","fact":"Smithsonian records place the tiny sea cucumber Myriotrochus bruuni in the Philippine Trench at 10150 to 10190 meters.","src":{"label":"The Echinoblog: What are the deepest known echinoderms?","url":"https://echinoblog.blogspot.com/2014/04/what-are-deepest-known-echinoderms.html"},"photo":{"credit":"Natural History Museum of Denmark (cropped)","license":"CC BY 4.0","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Myriotrochus_bruuni_-_HOL-000032_hab.jpg"},"img":true},{"id":"xenophyophores","name":"Xenophyophores","sci":"Xenophyophorea","z":4,"r":0,"dmin":500,"dmax":10641,"depth":"500–10,641 m","fact":"Xenophyophores are single cells often over 10 centimeters across; scientists spotted some at 10,641 meters in the Mariana Trench.","src":{"label":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography: Scientists ID giant amoebas in the extreme deep","url":"https://scripps.ucsd.edu/news/scientists-id-giant-amoebas-extreme-deep"},"photo":{"credit":"NOAA","license":"Public domain","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:XenophyophoreNOAA.jpg"},"img":true}]